Tra từ period - Từ điển Oxford Advanced Learner 8th

period AW [period periods] noun, adverb, adjective BrE [ˈpɪəriəd] NAmE [ˈpɪriəd]
noun

LENGTH OF TIME
1. a particular length of time
•a period of consultation/mourning/uncertainty
•The factory will be closed down over a 2-year period/a period of two years.
• This compares with a 4% increase for the same period last year.
• This offer is available for a limited period only.
•All these changes happened over a period of time.
•The aim is to reduce traffic at peak periods.
•You can have it for a trial period (= in order to test it).
•The project will run for a six-month trial period.
•Tomorrow will be cold with sunny periods.
see also ↑cooling-off period
2. a length of time in the life of a particular person or in the history of a particular country
• Which period of history would you most like to have lived in?
•the post-war period
• The church dates from the Norman period.
•Like Picasso, she too had a blue period.
•Most teenagers go through a period of rebelling.
3. (geology)a length of time which is a division of an ↑era. A period is divided into ↑epochs
•the Jurassic period

LESSON
4. any of the parts that a day is divided into at a school, college, etc. for study
•‘What do you have next period?’ ‘French.’
•a free/study period (= for private study)

WOMAN
5. the flow of blood each month from the body of a woman who is not pregnant
•period pains
•monthly periods
•When did you last have a period?
compare ↑menstruation

PUNCTUATION
6. (NAmE) (BrE ˌfull ˈstop)the mark (.) used at the end of a sentence and in some abbreviations, for example e.g.

Word Origin:
late Middle English (denoting the time during which something, especially a disease, runs its course): from Old French periode, via Latin from Greek periodos ‘orbit, recurrence, course’, from peri- ‘around’ + hodos ‘way, course’. The sense ‘portion of time’ dates from the early 17th cent.

Thesaurus:
period noun
1. C
•There has been a 2% increase this month compared with the same period last year.
time • • season • • while • • term • • spell • • interval • • run • • stint • • span • |especially BrE, informal patch •
a/an period/time/season/term/spell/interval/run/stint/span/patch of sth
a period/time/season/term/spell/stint as sth
for a/an period/time/season/while/term/spell/interval/stint/span
have a …period/time/season/spell/run/patch
Period or time? Time is more about the feeling of time passing; period is more about the amount of time that has passed:
•The factory will be closed down over a period of two years.
✗ The factory will be closed down over a time of two years.:
•I lived in Egypt for a time.
✗ I lived in Egypt for a period.
2. C
•This textbook covers the post-war period.
time • • age • • day • • century • • generation • • decade • • era • |formal epoch •
in a period/the time of…/times/the age of…/ …day(s)/the …century/a generation/a decade/an era/an epoch
(the) present period/time/day/century/generation/decade/era/epoch
(the) medieval/Victorian/post-war, etc. period/days/time/era

Example Bank:
•Committee members will not be eligible for re-election within a period of two years.
•Eastern Europe entered a period of transition in the 1990s.
•I have my period and don't feel too great.
•I was thirteen when I started my period.
•Missing a period is often one of the first signs that a woman is pregnant.
•Public spending was cut during his period of office.
•Sales have gone up in the last-five-year period.
•The balance must be paid within an agreed period of time.
•The customer has the right to cancel the contract during the seven-day cooling-off period.
•The film spans a period of 40 years of Castro's rule.
•The medication is prescribed for a fixed period of time.
•The most formative period of life is childhood.
•The offer is only available for a limited period.
•The period was marked by a succession of financial crises.
•The view is that the government's honeymoon period is over.
•There will be a reduced bus service over the Christmas period.
•Try breaking your period of study into 20-minute blocks.
•We lived in Caracas for a brief period.
•We visited five different cities within a two-day period.
•When did you last have a period?
•You can use the software free for a 30-day trial period.
•You have been paid for the full period of your employment with us.
•a critical period in the development of the project
•a dark period in the country's history
•a happy period in her life
•a period of transition between communist rule and democratic government
•a period of transition from a totalitarian regime to democratic government
•after a long period of waiting
•during the intervening period
•the late Victorian period
•the period between his resigning and finding a new job
•the period covered by the book
•the period from 1 July to 31 December
•Dinosaurs died out during the Cretaceous period.
•I have two free/study periods on Tuesday afternoons.
•The factory will be closed down over a period of two years.
•The picture was painted by Picasso during his blue period.
•There are extra buses at peak times/periods.
•There was a long period of uncertainty before we knew the final decision.
•This textbook covers the post-war period.
•We've got French next period.

adverb (especially NAmE) (BrE also ˌfull ˈstop) (informal)used at the end of a sentence to emphasize that there is nothing more to say about a subject
• The answer is no, period!

Word Origin:
late Middle English (denoting the time during which something, especially a disease, runs its course): from Old French periode, via Latin from Greek periodos ‘orbit, recurrence, course’, from peri- ‘around’ + hodos ‘way, course’. The sense ‘portion of time’ dates from the early 17th cent.

adjective only before noun
having a style typical of a particular time in history
•period costumes/furniture

Word Origin:
late Middle English (denoting the time during which something, especially a disease, runs its course): from Old French periode, via Latin from Greek periodos ‘orbit, recurrence, course’, from peri- ‘around’ + hodos ‘way, course’. The sense ‘portion of time’ dates from the early 17th cent.

See also: ↑full stop