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Từ điển Oxford Advanced Learner 8th
field
field [field fields fielded fielding] noun, verb BrE [fiːld] NAmE [fiːld] noun AREA OF LAND 1. countable an area of land in the country used for growing crops or keeping animals in, usually surrounded by a fence, etc • People were working in the fields. •a ploughed field •a field of wheat • We camped in a field near the village. 2. countable (usually in compounds)an area of land used for the purpose mentioned •a landing field •a medal for bravery in the field (of battle) see also ↑airfield, ↑battlefield, ↑minefield 3. countable (usually in compounds)a large area of land covered with the thing mentioned; an area from which the thing mentioned is obtained •ice fields •gas fields see also ↑coalfield, ↑goldfield, ↑oilfield, ↑snowfield SUBJECT/ACTIVITY 4. countable a particular subject or activity that sb works in or is interested in Syn: ↑area •famous in the field of music • I enjoy meeting people in other fields of business. • All of them are experts in their chosen field. •This discovery has opened up a whole new field of research. •‘How big was the bomb, if it did all that damage?’ ‘I don't know. Not my field’ (= that is not one of the subjects I know about). PRACTICAL WORK 5. countable (usually used as an adjective)the fact of people doing practical work or study, rather than working in a library or laboratory •a field study/investigation •field research/methods •We then tested the questionnaire in field conditions. •essential reading for those working in the field see also ↑field trip, ↑fieldwork IN SPORT 6. (BrE also pitch)countable (usually in compounds)an area of land used for playing a sport on •a baseball/rugby/football, etc. field •a sports field • Today they take the field (= go on to the field to play a game) against county champions Essex. • Players are only reselected if they retain their form on the field (= when they are playing a match). •For Liverpool fans, it was a night to remember both on and off the field (= the match was good and so were the celebrations afterwards). see also ↑playing field 7. (in ↑cricket and ↑baseball)singular + singular or plural verb the team that is trying to catch the ball rather than hit it 8. singular + singular or plural verb all the people or animals competing in a particular sports event •The field includes three world-record holders. IN BUSINESS 9. singular + singular or plural verb all the people or products competing in a particular area of business •They lead the field in home entertainment systems. PHYSICS 10. countable (usually in compounds)an area within which the force mentioned has an effect •the earth's gravitational field •an electro-magnetic field COMPUTING 11. countable part of a record that is a separate item of data •You will need to create separate fields for first name, surname and address. Word Origin: Old English feld (also denoting a large tract of open country; compare with ↑veld), of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch veld and German Feld. Thesaurus: field noun 1. C •We camped in a field near the village. meadow • • paddock • • pasture • in (a) field/meadow/paddock/pasture open/green/lush fields/meadows/pasture 2. C •This discovery opens up a whole new field of research. area • • domain • • sphere • • realm • • specialism • • subject • • sector • |especially AmE specialty • |formal discipline • within/outside the field/area/domain/sphere/realm/sector/discipline of sth the political field/domain/sphere/realm the scientific field/sphere/subjects/disciplines work in the field/area/domain/sector 3. C (used especially in compounds or fixed phrases) •a sports field playing field • • stadium • • arena • |BrE pitch • • ground • |AmE park • • ballpark • on/off the field/playing field/pitch a sports field/stadium/arena/pitch/ground a football/cricket/rugby field/stadium/pitch/ground a baseball field/stadium/park Field, pitch or ground? Both field and pitch are used to talk about the area of land where a sport is played. Ground also includes buildings, seating, etc. around the place where a game is played. Collocations: Farming Growing food and raising animals plant trees/seeds/crops/vines/barley grow/produce corn/wheat/rice/fruit plough/ (NAmE) plow land/a field sow/harvest seeds/crops/fields spread manure/fertilizer on sth cultivate/irrigate/water/contaminate crops/plants/fields/land damage/destroy/lose your crop ripen/pick fruit/berries/grapes press/dry/ferment grapes grind/thresh grain/corn/wheat raise/rear/keep chickens/poultry/cattle/pigs raise/breed/feed/graze livestock/cattle/sheep kill/slaughter livestock preserve/smoke/cure/salt meat Modern farming run a fish farm/an organic dairy engage in/be involved in intensive (pig/fish) farming use/apply (chemical/organic) fertilizer/insecticides/pesticides begin/do/conduct field trials of GM (= genetically modified) crops grow/develop GM crops/seeds/plants/foods fund/invest in genetic engineering/research improve/increase crop yields face/suffer from/alleviate food shortages label food that contains GMOs (= genetically modified organisms) eliminate/reduce farm subsidies oppose/be against factory farming/GM food promote/encourage/support organic/sustainable farming Example Bank: •Despite the war, they continued to work the fields. •He planted fields full of sunflowers. •His superb technique puts him head and shoulders ahead of the field. •I can't answer that— I'm afraid it's outside my field. •I work in the field of computer science. •Players need discipline both on and off the field. •She managed to head the field across the finishing line of the London Marathon. •The strong field includes three world record holders. •There has been no solid research in this field. •These academics are world leaders in their respective fields. •Today they take the field against county champions Essex. •Today they take the field= go on to the field to play a match against county champions Essex. •We had to walk across a ploughed field. •We walked across the field. •We went on a geology field trip. •You will need to create separate fields for first name, last name and address. •essential reading for those working in the field •looking out on the green fields of Shropshire •people walking their dogs on the school's playing field •people who work in this field •the discovery of the oil and gas fields in the North Sea •the earth's magnetic field •the green fields of my homeland •the use of keys to move between fields •tractors working out in the field •‘How big was the bomb if it did all that damage?’ ‘I don't know. It's not my field.’ •For Liverpool fans, it was a night to remember both on and off the field. •Golden fields of wheat stretched as far as the eye could see. •He was equally famous in the fields of politics and of science. •Players are only reselected if they retain their form on the field. •Prisoners were sent to work in the gas fields in the north. •The farmer had just ploughed the field, ready for planting the next crop. •The territory is covered with snow, bare rock and ice fields. Idioms: ↑leave somebody in possession of the field ▪ ↑leave the field clear for somebody ▪ ↑play the field verb CANDIDATE/TEAM 1. transitive ~ sb/sth to provide a candidate, speaker, team, etc. to represent you in an election, a competition, etc •Each of the main parties fielded more than 300 candidates. •England fielded a young side in the World Cup. IN CRICKET/BASEBALL 2. intransitive to be the person or the team that catches the ball and throws it back after sb has hit it •He won the toss and chose to field first. 3. transitive ~ sth to catch the ball and throw it back •He fielded the ball expertly. QUESTIONS 4. transitive ~ sth to receive and deal with questions or comments •The BBC had to field more than 300 phone calls after last night's programme. Verb forms: Word Origin: Old English feld (also denoting a large tract of open country; compare with ↑veld), of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch veld and German Feld. See also: ↑pitch
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